TY - JOUR
T1 - Work extraction in an isolated quantum lattice system
T2 - Grand canonical and generalized Gibbs ensemble predictions
AU - Modak, Ranjan
AU - Rigol, Marcos
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by the Army Research Office Grant No. W911NF1410540. The computations were done at the Institute for CyberScience at Penn State.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 American Physical Society.
PY - 2017/6/30
Y1 - 2017/6/30
N2 - We study work extraction (defined as the difference between the initial and the final energy) in noninteracting and (effectively) weakly interacting isolated fermionic quantum lattice systems in one dimension, which undergo a sequence of quenches and equilibration. The systems are divided in two parts, which we identify as the subsystem of interest and the bath. We extract work by quenching the on-site potentials in the subsystem, letting the entire system equilibrate, and returning to the initial parameters in the subsystem using a quasistatic process (the bath is never acted upon). We select initial states that are direct products of thermal states of the subsystem and the bath, and consider equilibration to the generalized Gibbs ensemble (GGE, noninteracting case) and to the Gibbs ensemble (GE, weakly interacting case). We identify the class of quenches that, in the thermodynamic limit, results in GE and GGE entropies after the quench that are identical to the one in the initial state (quenches that do not produce entropy). Those quenches guarantee maximal work extraction when thermalization occurs. We show that the same remains true in the presence of integrable dynamics that results in equilibration to the GGE.
AB - We study work extraction (defined as the difference between the initial and the final energy) in noninteracting and (effectively) weakly interacting isolated fermionic quantum lattice systems in one dimension, which undergo a sequence of quenches and equilibration. The systems are divided in two parts, which we identify as the subsystem of interest and the bath. We extract work by quenching the on-site potentials in the subsystem, letting the entire system equilibrate, and returning to the initial parameters in the subsystem using a quasistatic process (the bath is never acted upon). We select initial states that are direct products of thermal states of the subsystem and the bath, and consider equilibration to the generalized Gibbs ensemble (GGE, noninteracting case) and to the Gibbs ensemble (GE, weakly interacting case). We identify the class of quenches that, in the thermodynamic limit, results in GE and GGE entropies after the quench that are identical to the one in the initial state (quenches that do not produce entropy). Those quenches guarantee maximal work extraction when thermalization occurs. We show that the same remains true in the presence of integrable dynamics that results in equilibration to the GGE.
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U2 - 10.1103/PhysRevE.95.062145
DO - 10.1103/PhysRevE.95.062145
M3 - Article
C2 - 28709365
AN - SCOPUS:85022210172
SN - 2470-0045
VL - 95
JO - Physical Review E
JF - Physical Review E
IS - 6
M1 - 062145
ER -