TY - JOUR
T1 - Worry impairs the problem-solving process
T2 - Results from an experimental study
AU - Llera, Sandra J.
AU - Newman, Michelle G.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2020
PY - 2020/12
Y1 - 2020/12
N2 - Introduction: Many individuals believe that worry helps solve real-life problems. Some researchers also purport that nonpathological worry can aid problem solving. However, this is in contrast to evidence that worry impairs cognitive functioning. Objective: This was the first study to empirically test the effects of a laboratory-based worry induction on problem-solving abilities. Procedure: Both high (n = 96) and low (n = 89) trait worriers described a current problem in their lives. They were then randomly assigned to contemplate their problem in a worrisome (n = 60) or objective (n = 63) manner or to engage in a diaphragmatic breathing task (n = 62). All participants subsequently generated solutions and then selected their most effective solution. Next, they rated their confidence in the solution's effectiveness, their likelihood to implement the solution, and their current anxiety/worry. Experimenters uninformed of condition also rated solution effectiveness. Results: The worry induction led to lower reported confidence in solutions for high trait worry participants, and lower experimenter-rated effectiveness of solutions for all participants, relative to objective thinking. Further, state worry predicted less reported intention to implement solutions, while controlling for trait worry. Finally, worrying about the problem led to more elevated worry and anxiety after solving the problem compared to the other two conditions. Conclusions: Overall, the worry induction impaired problem solving on multiple levels, and this was true for both high and low trait worriers.
AB - Introduction: Many individuals believe that worry helps solve real-life problems. Some researchers also purport that nonpathological worry can aid problem solving. However, this is in contrast to evidence that worry impairs cognitive functioning. Objective: This was the first study to empirically test the effects of a laboratory-based worry induction on problem-solving abilities. Procedure: Both high (n = 96) and low (n = 89) trait worriers described a current problem in their lives. They were then randomly assigned to contemplate their problem in a worrisome (n = 60) or objective (n = 63) manner or to engage in a diaphragmatic breathing task (n = 62). All participants subsequently generated solutions and then selected their most effective solution. Next, they rated their confidence in the solution's effectiveness, their likelihood to implement the solution, and their current anxiety/worry. Experimenters uninformed of condition also rated solution effectiveness. Results: The worry induction led to lower reported confidence in solutions for high trait worry participants, and lower experimenter-rated effectiveness of solutions for all participants, relative to objective thinking. Further, state worry predicted less reported intention to implement solutions, while controlling for trait worry. Finally, worrying about the problem led to more elevated worry and anxiety after solving the problem compared to the other two conditions. Conclusions: Overall, the worry induction impaired problem solving on multiple levels, and this was true for both high and low trait worriers.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.brat.2020.103759
DO - 10.1016/j.brat.2020.103759
M3 - Article
C2 - 33129156
AN - SCOPUS:85094215303
SN - 0005-7967
VL - 135
JO - Behaviour Research and Therapy
JF - Behaviour Research and Therapy
M1 - 103759
ER -